Uma Década Crítica para a Política Climática
O WRI e a Fundação para Trabalhos Climáticos convocaram especialistas de políticas climáticas para um Workshop de Profissionais para Rastreamento de Política Climática
por -Em 2012, o WRI e a Fundação para Trabalhos Climáticos convocaram especialistas de políticas climáticas para um Workshop de Profissionais para Rastreamento de Política Climática. Com base nas informações do workshop, esse documento apresenta uma avaliação de cenário de esforços independentes para rastrear a adoção,a implementação e o impacto das políticas de mudança climática ao redor do mundo. Ele fornece orientações para pesquisadores, fundadores e governos a respeito do preenchimento de lacunas em informações de alta prioridade relativas à política de mudança climática.
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Key Findings
Executive Summary
The last five years have seen both broad and deep advancements in national policies to mitigate future greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The next five years will be instrumental in ensuring that these policies are implemented effectively, creating sustained change that will achieve gigatonne-scale GHG reductions, and laying the foundation for countries to move ahead with ever more ambitious approaches to reduce GHG emissions and limit the dangers and costs of a changing climate.
In order to support effective development and implementation of climate policies, a suite of policy tracking tools and initiatives is evolving, with a variety of characteristics tuned to address different questions and audiences. Underlying these efforts is the observation of metrics related to climate policy development, adoption, implementation, and/or effect. These initiatives seek to complement the measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV) processes under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), promoting accountability for governments to set and meet ambitious yet feasible goals and targets, identifying barriers and facilitating course corrections when necessary, and ultimately supporting overall policy progress and effectiveness.
Government and intergovernmental organizations are the key actors who adopt and implement policies and actions; however, independent analysts, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and the private sector play a vital role from the early stage development of climate, energy, and land use policies on through to adoption and into implementation, in order to ultimately achieve the desired GHG reductions. In this context, the field of climate policy tracking can serve to:
- Build and maintain political momentum, and offer technical analysis and design principles.
- Provide independent estimates of likely policy effects as well as risks, strengths, and uncertainty.
- Spread shared learning and best practices between countries or sectors to improve efficacy.
- Juxtapose policy portfolios with reduction pledges, abatement potential, and climate needs.
In order to succeed in this role, a complete climate policy tracking landscape needs to fulfill a range of functions, which may then be tailored to particular needs and questions. Successful efforts will have many things in common. Ongoing and continuous monitoring of policy progress should be coupled with evaluations of policy effectiveness and appraisals of likely and expected outcomes of policy trajectories. A combination of quantitative and qualitative inputs and outputs are necessary both to measure expected outcomes and progress toward milestones, but also to recognize the non-linear and imprecise nature of policy development and implementation.
